Sesuatu yang sedang berkembang hasil kemajuan dalam teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi dan dirangsang dengan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan. Maka wujudlah apa yang diistilah sebagai Ekonomi Gig iaitu kegiatan perekonomian yang diasaskan oleh pelbagai jenis alatan komunikasi. Dengan itu turut memberi kesan kepada corak hubungan pekerjaan yang kabur dan fleksibel.
Secara umum "platfor work' menurut Köhler (2021):
"Platform work – the matching of supply and demand for paid labour through an online platform – is an emerging and growing employment form which still lacks a clear definition, shows a heterogeneity of business models and calls for the regulation of the contract and employment status and the working conditions [6, 7]. It includes both web-based platforms, where work is outsourced through an open call to a geographically dispersed crowd (“crowdwork”), and location-based applications (apps) which allocate work to individuals in a specific geographical area."
Perkembangan ini merupakan suatu bentuk baru pengukuhan dunia kapitalis yang dinyatakan sebagai suatu kesinambungan. Dengan itu, akhirnya turut membentuk kelas pekerja yang baharu. Menurut Kohler (2021) lagi:
"Gig work represents a new form of capitalist work, a new dimension of the recommodification of labour in the context of the shift towards neoliberalism from the 1970s onwards, a new contested terrain to be regulated by politics, labour law, interest groups, etc., a challenge to invent new institutional settings in an emerging field of precarious and flexible work [17]. To a large extent it is low-qualified flexible but standardised work outside regular labour contracts, a sort of digital Taylorism without the Taylorist mass worker [9, 12]. As a new business model, the gig-enterprise represents the complete disintegration of the traditional Fordist organisation and its collective interest groups into a flexible, market-driven, individualised form of enterprise-customer-worker network. “The gig economy can be regarded as the latest stage in the development of atypical forms of employment” ([18]: 36). The institutional form built around the Fordist enterprise with a fixed contractual workforce, collective bargaining and labour relations, labour law, social security, health & safety provisions, fiscal responsibilities and social responsibility is fading away."
Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian lanjut perlu dilakukan bagi memahami dan menilai kesemua fenomena ini. Oleh itu, universiti hadir dengan segala kemampuannya untuk memenuhi tuntutan ini terutamanya di negeri ini yang kini semakin berkembang seperti berkembangnya ia di zaman pentadbiran Syarikat Berpiagam Borneo Utara suatu masa dahulu.
Rujukan
Holm-Detlev Köhler (2021) Riders, Rights and Collective Action
October 2, 2020
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